Latest Super Volcano Activity (Updates)Last activity : 2. Newest activity : 0. Logo Creation agency, Brochure design company, bhopal web designing, india designer, flash presentation, animation in india, corporate presentation, 2D and 3D. Headlines 2. Ron Paul - Tillerson Laid Out A Raving Neocon Foreign Policy In His Senate Hearing US Intel Try To Strong-Arm Trump Into Russian War. Details & Map: http: //hisz.Source: http: //hisz.About Lake Toba. Lake Toba (Indonesian: Danau Toba) is a lake and supervolcano, 1. Autodesk Autocad Map 3D 2010 Russian Esdc . Located in the middle of the northern part of the Indonesian island of Sumatra with a surface elevation of about 9. N 9. 8°3. 1'E / - 2. N. It is the largest volcanic lake in the world. In addition, it is the site of a supervolcanic eruption that occurred about 7. The eruption is believed to have had a VEI intensity of 8. This eruption is believed to have been the largest anywhere on Earth in the last 2. According to the Toba catastrophe theory to which some anthropologists and archeologists subscribe, it had global consequences, killing most humans then alive and creating a population bottleneck in Central Eastern Africa and India that affected the genetic inheritance of all humans today. The Toba eruption (the Toba event) occurred at what is now Lake Toba about 6. The Toba eruption was the latest of a series of at least three caldera- forming eruptions which have occurred at the volcano, with earlier calderas having formed around 7. The last eruption had an estimated Volcanic Explosivity Index of 8 (described as "mega- colossal"), making it possibly the largest explosive volcanic eruption within the last twenty- five million years. Bill Rose and Craig Chesner of Michigan Technological University have deduced that the total amount of erupted material was about 2,8. The pyroclastic flows of the eruption destroyed an area of 2. To give an idea of its magnitude, consider that although the eruption took place in Indonesia, it deposited an ash layer approximately 1. Indian subcontinent; at one site in central India, the Toba ash layer today is up to 6 metres thick[9] and parts of Malaysia were covered with 9 m of ashfall.[1. In addition it has been calculated that 1. The Toba caldera is the only supervolcano in existence that can be described as Yellowstone's "bigger" sister. With 2,8. 00 km. 3 of ejecta, it was an even greater eruption than the supereruption (2,5. Island Park Caldera in Idaho, USA. The eruption was also about three times the size of the latest Yellowstone eruption of Lava Creek 6. The Weekly Volcanic Activity Report is a cooperative project between the Smithsonian's Global Volcanism Program and the US Geological Survey's Volcano Hazards Program. For further comparison, the largest volcanic eruption in historic times, in 1. Mount Tambora (Indonesia), ejected the equivalent of around 1. Year Without a Summer" in the whole northern hemisphere, whilst the 1. Mount St. Helens in Washington State ejected around 1. The subsequent collapse formed a caldera that, after filling with water, created Lake Toba. The island in the center of the lake is formed by a resurgent dome. Landsat photo of Sumatra surrounding Lake Toba. Though the year may never be precisely determined, the season can: only the summer monsoon could have deposited Toba ashfall in the South China Sea, implying that the eruption took place sometime during the northern summer.[1. The eruption lasted perhaps two weeks, but the ensuing "volcanic winter" resulted in a decrease in average global temperatures by 3 to 3. Celsius for several years. Greenland ice cores record a pulse of starkly reduced levels of organic carbon sequestration. Very few plants or animals in southeast Asia would have survived, and it is possible that the eruption caused a planet- wide die- off. There is some evidence, based on mitochondrial DNA, that the human race may have passed through a genetic bottleneck around this time, reducing genetic diversity below what would be expected from the age of the species. According to the Toba catastrophe theory proposed by Stanley H.Ambrose of the University of Illinois at Urbana- Champaign in 1.Toba eruption. Smaller eruptions have occurred at Toba since. . The small cone of Pusukbukit has formed on the southwestern margin of the caldera and lava domes. The most recent eruption may have been at Tandukbenua on the northwestern caldera edge, since the present lack of vegetation could be due to an eruption within the last few hundred years. Some parts of the caldera have experienced uplift due to partial refilling of the magma chamber, for example pushing Samosir Island and the Uluan Peninsula above the surface of the lake. The lake sediments on Samosir Island show that it has been uplifted by at least 4. Such uplifts are common in very large calderas, apparently due to the upward pressure of unerupted magma. Toba is probably the largest resurgent caldera on Earth. Large earthquakes have occurred in the vicinity of the volcano more recently, notably in 1. Other earthquakes have occurred in the area in 1. Lake Toba lies near the Great Sumatran fault which runs along the centre of Sumatra in the Sumatra Fracture Zone. The volcanoes of Sumatra and Java are part of the Sunda Arc, a result of the northeasterly movement of the Indo- Australian Plate which is sliding under the eastward- moving Eurasian Plate. The subduction zone in this area is very active: the seabed near the west coast of Sumatra has had several major earthquakes since 1. Indian Ocean Earthquake and the 8. Sumatra earthquake, the epicenters of which were around 3. Toba. On 1. 2 September 2. Earthquake shook the ground in Sumatra and was felt in the Indonesian capital, Jakarta. The epicenter for this earthquake was not as close as the previous two earthquakes, but it was in the same vicinity. Most of the people who live around Lake Toba are ethnically Bataks. Traditional Batak houses are noted for their distinctive roofs (which curve upwards at each end, as a boat's hull does) and their colorful decor.
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